Radiation therapy (also called radiotherapy or X-ray therapy) uses
high powered x-rays or radioactive seeds to kill cancer cells. The
aim of radiotherapy is to cure cancer, where possible, whilst
maintaining acceptable function and cosmesis. Radiotherapy can be
used alone or with chemotherapy or surgery. Where cure is not
possible, the aim is the relief of symptoms (palliation) of
cancer, thereby improving the person's well-being.
Action
of radiotherapy
Radiotherapy works by destroying cells, either directly or by
interfering with cell reproduction using high-energy X-rays,
electron beams or radioactive isotopes. When a radiated cell
attempts to divide and reproduce itself, it fails to do so and
dies in the attempt. Normal cells are able to repair the effects
of radiotherapy better than are malignant and other abnormal
cells. Thus, normal cells are able to recover from exposure to
radiation and maintain integrity and viability better than
malignant cells.
If the dose and delivery of radiotherapy are well chosen and the
disease is localised to the region of treatment, the cancer dies,
whereas the normal tissues survive and the patient is made well
again. If fewer than all the cancer cells are killed, improvement
may only be short lived and the cancer may regrow. Since normal
tissues are less able to withstand the effects of further
radiotherapy, repeated treatments at a later date are seldom
beneficial.
What
are the types of radiotherapy?
Types of radiation therapy include:
External beam radiation is the most common
form. This method carefully aims high powered x-rays directly at
the tumour from outside of the body.
Internal beam radiation uses radioactive
seeds that are placed directly into or near the tumour. Internal
beam radiation is also called interstitial radiation or
brachytherapy
Radiation during surgery (intraoperative
radiation) , which involves external beam radiation focused
directly at the area that needs radiation during an operation.
Systemic radiation, which involves a
radioactive substance that can be injected into a vein. The
substance travels throughout the body, delivering radiation.
What is
radiotherapy used for?
Radiotherapy is the principal treatment for various skin cancers;
cancers of the mouth, nasal cavity, pharynx and larynx; brain
tumours and many gynaecological, lung cancers, and prostate
cancers. Radiotherapy plays a leading role in conjunction with
surgery and/or chemotherapy in breast cancer, bowel cancer,
bladder cancer, Hodgkin's disease, leukaemia and lymphomas,
thyroid cancer, childhood cancers, gynaecological and testis
tumours, as well as many other cancers and certain benign
conditions.
What are the side effects
of radiotherapy?
Radiation therapy can have many side effects. These side effects
depend on the part of the body receiving radiation, the dose of
radiation, and how often the therapy is given. The side effects
include:
Hair loss
Pain
Red, burning skin
Shedding of the outer layer of skin
(desquamation)
Increased skin colouring (hyperpigmentation)
Death of skin tissue (atrophy)
Itching
Fatigue and malaise
Low blood counts
Difficulty or pain swallowing
Erythema
Oedema
Changes in taste
Anorexia
Nausea
Vomiting
Increased susceptibility to infection
Fetal damage (in a pregnant woman)
Growing Stronger, Growing
Better
Global Health
Healthcare Provider
Radiotherapy - treatment of Radiotherapy,
Radiotherapy types, Disease medicines, Radiotherapy symptoms, Radiotherapy
and Disease symptoms, Radiotherapy symptoms Disease and diagnosis, Symptoms
and Solutions, Signs and Symptoms, type of Radiotherapy, cause common,
common Radiotherapy, Radiotherapy List, causes list, Infectious
Radiotherapy, Causes, Diseases , Types, Prevention, Treatment and Facts,
Radiotherapy information, Radiotherapy: Definition, Radiotherapy names,
medical Radiotherapy, medical Radiotherapy and disorders, cell Radiotherapy,
Radiotherapy Worldwide, Radiotherapy Research, Radiotherapy Control,
Radiotherapy Center, Digestive Radiotherapy Week, Information about
Radiotherapy, causes of different Radiotherapy, Radiotherapy Articles,
Radiotherapy and conditions, Health and Radiotherapy, Radiotherapy Patients,
Radiotherapy and Sciences, causes of alzheimer's Radiotherapy, Radiotherapy
causes, alternative medicine heart Radiotherapy, body ailments, Radiotherapy
medicines, medical antiques, type of blood Radiotherapy