What is Low Blood Pressure
Normal blood pressure is 120/80 mm hg where 120 is
the systolic pressure and 80 is the diastolic pressure. Low blood
pressure is an abnormal condition where a person's blood pressure
is much lower than usual, which can cause symptoms such as
dizziness or lightheadedness. When the blood pressure is too low,
there is inadequate blood flow to the heart, brain, and other
vital organs.
A blood pressure level that is borderline low for one person may
be normal for another. The most important factor is how the blood
pressure changes from the normal condition. Most normal blood
pressures fall in the range of 90/60 mm Hg to 130/80 mm Hg, but a
significant change, even as little as 20 mm Hg, can cause problems
for some people.
What
are the symptoms of low BP?
Symptoms of low BP may include:
Tiredness
General weakness
Light-headedness and fainting
Blurred vision
Dizziness
Palpitations
Confusion
Nausea
Temporary loss of
consciousness.
What
are the causes of low blood pressure?
Low blood pressure may be caused by drugs such as the following
Medications used for surgery
Anti-anxiety agents
Treatment for high blood
pressure
Diuretics
Heart medicines
Some antidepressants
Narcotic analgesics
Alcohol
Other causes of low blood
pressure include the following:
Dehydration
Heart failure
Heart attack
Changes in heart rhythm
(arrhythmias)
Fainting
Anaphylaxis (a
life-threatening allergic response)
Shock (from severe infection,
stroke, anaphylaxis, major trauma, or heart attack)
Advanced diabetes
Another common type of low blood
pressure is orthostatic hypotension, which results from a sudden
change in body position, usually from lying down to an upright
position.
How can
low blood pressure be treated?
Low blood pressure may or may not require treatment. The treatment
of low blood pressure is directed toward the underlying cause.
Checking whether you are drinking enough and are not dehydrated
may be important. If an underlying disorder, such as a heart
condition is suspected then it may be advisable to go to hospital
for tests and treatment. If medications are suspected of causing
hypotension the doctor will probably advise a change of drug or
dosage. Bed rest and assistance with daily activities are needed
until the condition improves.
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