Heat stroke is a form of hyperthermia, an abnormally elevated body
temperature with accompanying physical and neurological symptoms.
Unlike heat cramps and heat exhaustion, two forms of hyperthermia
that are less severe, heat stroke is a true medical emergency that
can be fatal if not properly and promptly treated.
The body normally generates heat as a result of metabolism, and is
usually able to dissipate the heat by either radiation of heat
through the skin or by evaporation of sweat. However, in extreme
heat, high humidity, or vigorous exertion under the sun, the body
may not be able to dissipate the heat and the body temperature
rises, sometimes up to 106°F (41.1°C) or higher. Another cause of
heat stroke is dehydration. A dehydrated person may not be able to
sweat fast enough to dissipate heat, which causes the body
temperature to rise.
Those most susceptible to heart strokes
include:
infants,
the elderly (often with associated heart
diseases, lung diseases, kidney diseases, or who are taking
medications that make them vulnerable to heat strokes),
athletes, and
outdoor workers physically exerting
themselves under the sun.
What are heat stroke symptoms?
Symptoms of heat stroke can sometimes mimic those of heart attack
or other conditions. Sometimes a person experiences symptoms of
heat exhaustion before progressing to heat strokes.
Symptoms of heat exhaustion include:
nausea,
vomiting,
fatigue,
weakness,
headache,
muscle cramps and aches, and
dizziness.
However, some individuals can develop symptoms of heat stroke
suddenly and rapidly without warning.
Different people may have different symptoms and signs of heat
stroke. But common symptoms and signs of heat stroke include:
high body temperature
the absence of sweating, with hot red or
flushed dry skin
rapid pulse
difficulty breathing
strange behavior
hallucinations
confusion
agitation
disorientation
seizure
coma
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