What is
an Electroencephalogram (EEG)?
An Electroencephalogram, also called an EEG, is a record of the
electrical activity of the brain. The brain cells, called neurons,
communicate with one another by the generation of small electrical
discharges. These electrical impulses are recorded by placing
leads on different parts of the head, and plotting the waves on
paper. It is a diagnostic procedure to detect any abnormality of
function or disorder of the brain.
How to prepare for an EEG?
No special preparation is necessary except that the hair has to be
cleaned or shampooed. The hair should be dry and no oil or dye
should be applied on the day of the test.
What happens during the EEG?
It is a painless procedure in which small flat metal disks are
attached to the scalp. Sometimes small wires may also be placed
through the nose to the back of the throat. The disks have
electrodes, which are connected to a machine that records the
electrical impulses of the brain and gives a tracing on paper. Any
abnormalities of the brain’s electrical activity can be diagnosed
easily by reading the paper tracing. The test usually takes an
hour. Small children may require medicine to put them to sleep for
the test.
Why is it done?
It helps to diagnose and assess brain disorders. It is useful in
the diagnosis of brain tumours, epilepsy, sleep disorders, and
some metabolic abnormalities. It is one of the investigations for
certifying brain death.
Are there any limitations of this procedure?
There are no obvious risks. It does not measure the intelligence
or read the mind. Sometimes the EEG may not show any abnormality
in the early stages of a problem.
Electroecephalography (EEG) in children and
adults
EEG
Child wearing the 128
Dense Array Net for recording the EEG
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