What is conjunctivitis?
Conjunctivitis is an inflammation (swelling) of the membrane
covering the inside of the eyelids and the outer part of the
eyeball. Commonly called "red eye", conjunctivitis is generally
not serious but can be contagious.
What are the symptoms?
Conjunctivitis causes redness, itching, discharge (watery or
thick), crusting that forms overnight, sensitivity to light and
gritty feeling in the eyes.
What are the causes?
Conjunctivitis is most often the result of viruses. Conjunctivitis
can also be caused by bacterial infections, allergies, chemicals,
irritation from contact lenses, or eye injury. Viral and bacterial
conjunctivitis are very contagious. If both eyes are affected,
with the predominant symptom being itching and a clear discharge,
it is likely that allergies are the cause. A thick, crusty
discharge may be the sign of a bacterial infection.
How is it treated?
Conjunctivitis is generally not a serious problem. But it is
important to consult your doctor. Bacterial conjunctivitis is
generally treated with antibiotic drops or ointment. Like a cold,
viral conjunctivitis will usually go away on its own, even without
treatment. But eye-drops are often prescribed to help control the
symptoms. Conjunctivitis caused by viruses does not respond to
antibiotics, but antihistamines and anti-inflammatory medications
may help relieve symptoms. Antibiotic drops may be prescribed,
nevertheless, to prevent a secondary bacterial infection.
Also like a cold, viral conjunctivitis is very contagious.
Coughing or sneezing can spread the infection. Sharing makeup,
towels, or anything else that touches the eye may spread the
infection. Washing hands frequently and avoiding rubbing the eye
can help decrease the risk of spreading the infection to others.
Steroid eye-drops should not be used in bacterial or viral
conjunctivitis.
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