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Backache |
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What is backache?
Backache is a pain in the back caused by degenerative changes,
injury, swelling or rarely, cancer. Usually the lower part of the
back is involved and the pain worsens when a person bends forward.
The muscles of the back may become weak and tender. Backache
because of age-related changes may radiate to the legs due to
pressure on the spinal nerves.
How is it caused?
Backaches usually indicate a strain of the back muscles. There are
nearly 200 muscles in the back that maintain the upright posture.
The triggering event could be the carrying of a heavy weight,
lifting from an awkward position, or overexertion of the back
muscles. A direct injury to the back or degenerative changes in
the bones of the spinal cord, due to age, could also cause
backache.
Backache Causes:
1)Acute Backache;
-> Back strain due to lifting of a heavy object, a fall, a violent
jerk (as in case of a sudden car brake).
->Injury, road accident, fall of a heavy object, fracture of the
spine, dislocation of a vertebral disk.
2)Chronic Backache;
Spondylosis: A vertebra slips forward on the lower one,
usually just above the hip bone.
Slipped Disk: These disks act as cushions between two
vertebral bones, the reason may be an injury to the spine which is
forgotten, degeneration of the disk due to old age or other
reasons.
Posture: Wrong Posture is the front runner as a cause of
chronic back pain. (long hours sitting on chairs in the wrong
posture, for example- as you may be sitting watching this screen,
watching TV slumped in the couch).
Undetermined Cause: A whole variety of conditions called as
lumbago, in which sprains in the muscles of the back is held to
responsible.
Gynecological problem : Chronic Infection, Pregnancy.
How long does the pain last?
The pain and discomfort usually take a couple of weeks to
disappear. Recurrences are common and require a combination of
rest, medicines and physiotherapy.
What is the treatment?
Pain relief medicines like ibuprofen or paracetamol, reduce the
swelling and are usually given three to four times a day. Local
application of heat by a hot water bottle or heating pad helps to
relieve pain. Physiotherapy in the form of diathermy or ultrasound
may help in pain relief.
Complete bed rest is not required but exercise and exertion must
be avoided until completely well. The sleeping position that is
most comfortable is usually on the side. The mattress or bedding
should provide a firm support or should be reinforced with a
board.
How can backaches be prevented?
The best way to prevent backaches is to care for the back by
keeping the back muscles in excellent physical condition. This
requires back and abdominal exercises as a daily regiment.
Sit-ups, leg raises, flattening the back and tucking the legs to
the chest strengthen the muscles. These exercises should be
avoided during active back pain, but the stretching exercises can
be continued.
How should things be lifted?
Dos:
* Heavy objects must be held close to the body rather than away
from it.
* The feet must be about shoulder-width apart. A wide, solid base
of support is important. Holding the feet too close together will
be unstable; too far apart will make movement difficult.
* Legs must be bent at the knees while lifting weights from floor
level and the back must be kept straight. The stomach muscles must
be pulled in. This will support the back in a good lifting
position and will help prevent excessive force on the spine.
* Push up with the legs. The legs are much stronger than the back
muscles.
* If an object is too heavy, or awkward in shape get someone to
help you lift.
Don'ts:
* Sudden and awkward movements while holding something heavy must
be avoided.
* The back should never be bent to pick something up.
* Don't twist or bend. A person should face in the direction he or
she is walking.
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